There is no formula or progression that exists.
If it did, then current known cryptographic systems used by world intelligence agencies would be rendered worthless.
It is not possible to do what you propose since calculating all addresses from private keys would also take thousands of years and millions of dollars.
You need to do more reading on how Bitcoin's cryptographic system is implemented and functions.
The whole basis of 'cracking' a code is finding a pattern.
When a code involves a small number of samples it can be hard to crack.
But bitcoin not only involves a large number, a very large number, it also lets a person easily generate an almost unlimited number of points to test.
Code breaking computers exist whose only purpose is to run vast numbers of tests on data samples looking for a pattern. In the case of bitcoin, all that would be needed would be the tiniest correlation between the position of low numbered private keys and their addresses.
If you took the first 1 million bitcoin addresses, generated from the lowest 1 million private keys, and you were able to find any difference whatsoever with the last million addresses, generated from the highest 1 million private keys, it would be the end of bitcoin using the current key/address system. Is there any such difference? There certainly is.
I was not talking about cracking "all possible addresses". i was talking about using a very selective tactic to solve one bitcoin address at a time by gradually narrowing the range of potential private keys it might have come from. It is the opposite of brute force and once it could be shown workable for one address it would be useful for any address. The question is not whether it is possible. It is. It is only a matter of finding a pattern.
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Each address is supposed to be generated independently of other addresses. Thus, no pattern can be found between addresses.
If a private key, for example, ends in EpqWR73, and its corresponding address is gCaAbj23,
then the same private key, but ends in EpqWR74, its corresponding address is 55dXgH29.
There is no beginning or end or boundary to attempt to crack within.
The governments know this and don't waste time cracking,
they will just install malware through progs or etc to get around the cryptographic functions.
What you are describing is like finding Einstein's Unifying Theory.
EDIT: This video might be of interest to you, called "How did the NSA hack our emails?"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ulg_AHBOIQUThis video shows that cryptographically, it is impossible to crack, so the NSA actually needed to place backdoors in the cryptographic functions, originally.