Holders (not the team) gets a 1/3 vote counted per EXP held, and the Advisor Board nominated and voted in by the team and the holders gets a 1/3 vote.
Is it possible to distinguish between core team premined coins (10% of reserve) and mined coins?
Yes, they can easily be determined by their origin, but the reality of such is trivial: dev coins could be sold to an exchange and new coins bought... In that case regular users have dev coins and devs have normal ones, the end result adding complication without much value.