Initially I didn't install libtools because I thought I saw its source being downloaded, which it was being built with bfgminer-git. Well I installed libtools and now I get different errors.
http://techblog.sethleedy.name/?p=24276 is a tutorial on compiling cgminer, which BFGMiner forked off from, on the raspberry pi. The os is debian.
UPDATE: I got it working. I installed pkg-config and make, and now it seems to be compiling. Thanks for all the help. I'm glad it was as simple as installing missing dependencies. I'll probably be releasing a tutorial or script once I get everything working.