The OP makes no necessary relationship between atheism and "modernity".
Nor any necessary exclusiveness between atheism and the "human spirit".
There are forms of spiritual philosophy that are not Christian whilst also atheistic.
I think the thread should be renamed,
My version of Christianity is the only true spirituality and all other people are going to hell.
It would make more sense to the content provided.
I'm sorry, that was an immediate response that now seems unjustified.
It doesnt help that "atheism" has no consistent usage and is nowhere defined for usage within the content.
And what does fertility rate have to do with anything?
It's well known that people from area's with high infant mortality have more children than people with higher survival rate.
And that poor people have higher average number of children.
Are you suggesting that spiritually active people are comparable to third world societies or lower socio-economic families?