It appears to be somewhat nuanced, at least in the U.S.

And the only exceptions to the first amendment are as follows:

"There are certain well-defined and limited classes of speech, the prevention and punishment of which have never been thought to raise a Constitutional problem. These include the lewd and obscene, the profane, the libelous and the insulting or 'fighting' words – those which by their very utterances inflict injury or tend to incite an immediate breach of the peace."

This particular summary of the case law has been changed since its inception, though I'm not sure if broadened or narrowed... I didn't get that far. You can read more by simply looking up the "hate speech" Wikipedia.

If hate speech were illegal, I'm sure Trump would have been arrested by now.

And perhaps under Canadian law he could have been because they have a body of law pertaining to Hate Propaganda!