A processor of any type (CPU/GPU) is hardly an application specific chip. Processors are meant to handle data of different types and manipulate it in a multitude of ways.
I suppose you can make that argument though, because there really is no hard limit to what ICs are "Application Specific."
It's a term of art. "not being a stack of identical non-differentied transistors" means its an ASIC. Nothing fancier than that.