Thank you for the detailed information. It appears you are using QEMU. I have not tested cpuminer-opt with QEMU.

The CPU features listed do not include AES or AVX but does include SSE2. What is your actual physical CPU?

I suspect one of two problems:

1. Your CPU has these features but QEMU does not emulate them. If this is the case you can get a proper AES compile
 natively (without emulation) or with a different form of emulation such as a VM or mingw.

2. Your CPU does not have these features but the compiler running under QEMU is unable to  detect the missing features.
In this case your CPU is limited to SSE2 and you will have to specify "-march=core2" to specifically tell the compiler not
to attempt to compile the AES optimized code in cpuminer-opt.

Edit: It appears QEMU does not support AES:

http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/170016/does-qemu-kvm-use-intel-aes-instructions-for-encrypted-qcow2-images-if-the-host