In simple words bitcoin is not licensed and does not need a license. It has anonymous features and it is not under the governments regulations. It operates without the government and exists Not for the government. It is therefore does not need a patent or a copyright or any licenses sice it operates outside the umbrella of the government.
Nono. Bitcoin is licensed under the MIT license, that is to help others developers so they wont have a legal problems, also because someone could usurp it for himself saying he is the author and create non-open source license. The rest of what you say is practically correct. The thing i am searching for is whether the bitcoin as a medium of exchange is part of the original work or not.