This is exactly what I've been asking. This means that the exchange is using relative values (percentages) in calculating the bonus. In fact, I think you are confusing something since if you, for example, deposited 1 BTC, got 0.01 BTC as a bonus, earned through trading 8.99 BTC (so your total is 10 BTC), and then decided to withdraw the funds, they would deduct 0.1 BTC (1% of 10 BTC), which is nonsense...
If what you say is nevertheless true, such marketing tactics would be a masochistic exercise in stupidity
Firstly you are guaranteed that you will lose some money whatever if you got any profit from trading there or not.
So this tactic is smart from them but for users it not good because it's not good, we are not fools.
This tactic is not smart. I'd argue it is pretty much stupid, since traders are not fools and would stay miles away from such an exchange (that would allegedly grab some of their profits). In fact, I've never heard about any exchange using something similar before. Could you please post a link where this bonus accruement on deposit and subtraction on withdrawal is described in greater detail (preferably at Bter itself)?
I wanna see it with my own eyes
I just logged in our bter exchange and seems that they have removed this feature of +- 1% bonus.
They have added something new VIP tier which affects the trading fee, but still no batch of payment

Well, just a few days ago I deposited something around 0.1 BTC at Bter to see everything with my own eyes. I was going to buy some doges and sell them at another exchange, looking for an arbitrage opportunity. And to my great surprise, the withdrawal fee of 1%+5 Doges was patiently awaiting me. They do give a 1% bonus for doge deposits, though, but it is irrelevant as you will see later. Only Bitcoin and Litecoin had their usual withdrawal commissions of 0.0006 BTC and 0.02 LTC, respectively. All other coins now have massive withdrawal fees. But that was only the beginning of my problems
I couldn't buy anything at the bid price there since no one had been buying or selling anything, so I ended up buying around 20k doges at
another exchange, transferred them to Bter, got 1% bonus as promised, and placed the sell order at the same price, which was the lowest ask price (i.e. no sell orders at lower price). Only around 0.2 BTC in doges was placed in orders before me at the top of the orderbook, and it took me nearly 2 (!) days to sell half of these doges. The proceeds were enough to cover the withdrawal fees, so I cancelled my orders, and withdrew both remaining doges and 0.1 BTC. In the end it turned out that I even managed to earn some dust after selling doges at the exchange where I first bought them
The lesson to take home is that their deposit bonus could theoretically be used for an arbitrage, but since there is no active trading (orderbooks are basically frozen), it is pretty much useless