What is the normal amount of bitcoins transactions in queue? Currently it is close to 30000 transactions.
There is no any fixed amount of bitcoin transaction that will be in queue, it keep on changing but over time total unconfirmed transaction is increasing due to lots of transaction with less than recommended fee.
I have a transaction waiting for over 16 hours now. It has a fee, so am I guarenteed that it will be confirmed?
You better post your transaction id so that we can give proper estimation of the time by when it will get confirmation. In the meanwhile check recommended fee here
https://bitcoinfees.21.co/ based on your total transaction size.