@iamnotback: This newly released
paper might be of interest to you as it suggests an incentive-compatible, race-free block DAG model. The model is claimed to be superior to existing approaches such as GHOST, SPECTRE, Bitcoin-NG, Blockchain-free Cryptocurrencies etc.
Tortoise and Hares Consensus: the Meshcash Framework for Incentive-Compatible, Scalable Cryptocurrencies:
Meshcash, is designed to be race-free: there is no race to generate the next block, hence
honestly-generated blocks are always rewarded. This property, which we define formally as
a game-theoretic notion, turns out to be useful in analyzing rational miners behavior: we
prove (using a generalization of the blockchain mining games of Kiayias et al.) that race-free
blockchain protocols are incentive-compatible and satisfy linearity of rewards (i.e., a party
receives rewards proportional to its computational power).