Can he file bankruptcy when faced with a judgement from the SEC?
IANAL but I don't think so:
(edit: I mean he can file but it won't help him)
https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/523
11 U.S. Code § 523 - Exceptions to discharge
(a) A discharge under section 727, 1141, 1228(a), 1228(b), or 1328(b) of this title does not discharge an individual debtor from any debt
[...]
that
(A) is for
(i) the violation of any of the Federal securities laws (as that term is defined in section 3(a)(47) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), any of the State securities laws, or any regulation or order issued under such Federal or State securities laws; or
(ii) common law fraud, deceit, or manipulation in connection with the purchase or sale of any security;