1) You can buy ASIC chips, I have found a few links on the forums that Avalon is selling chips. If you have access to a chip foundry and the funds, you can have the chips themselves manufactured for you (read: Not Cheap, and only in bulk).

Additionally, you would have to etch and assemble the circuit boards yourself. There are also board users capable of doing this for a fee.

2) Google Avalon and Butterfly Labs, check out their webpages, though the wait is quite long. The best thing you could do is check the forum for the above arrangement I mentioned and get in line to buy one of those.

3) As far as I can tell, ASICs that can mine bitcoins can mine any SHA-256 based cryptocoin such as Terracoin, PPC, and Devcoin.