If someone breaks SHA-256 they'll be able to break SHA-512 in short order, relatively speaking. The orders of magnitude beyond what's being done right now say it's so. All avenues for modern cracking point to quantum state side channel attacks being the most likely candidates. Deriving a means of bypassing locks isn't what I'm referring to. And since hardware wallets rely on ECDSA for the most part (512 bits in some cases, re: BIP39), breaking SHA-256 definitely does have bearing. Standard cryptographic models aren't going allow it to be broken, but novel ones will. The fact that entropic quantum entanglement and the entanglement measure is an NP-Complete measurement means that no one's been able to look at it, except in novel effects-related efforts. I'm currently looking at electromigration as a candidate for bearing said data as it's related directly to quantum discord. Call it irrelevant if you like, but the security-level for bitcoin is based upon standard models, not taking into account measures that are outside of the boundaries. We've seen that bitcoin blocks can be falsely generated with the initial genesis block, and derive from there. Yes, that's a straw man for now, but that fact doesn't negate the weak foundations. Again, call that irrelevant or also un-prove-able. If I had a working model I'd be sitting in Maui. So, "pics or it didn't happen" all you want, I'll just leave this here so someday when it occurs I can refer back to it.
I never said that SHA512 is unrelated to SHA256 nor did I claim that SHA-2 functions won't be broken in the future. What I said is that these hash functions are unrelated to private keys. Can you explain how you would get private keys from public keys if SHA-2 were broken? What data in the blockchain, other than public keys, private key for a public key? What data related to hashes in the blockchain can get you the private key to a public key?
Getting the private key from a public key requires breaking ECDSA, not SHA-2. Even if you got a private key, you can't get the master private key or any other private keys in an HD wallet unless you also have the chaincode, but the chaincode is never put on the blockchain.