Post
Topic
Board Legal
Re: FinCEN's definition of a Money Exchanger
by
Bigpiggy01
on 15/06/2013, 14:00:57 UTC
Gift cards are not an exchange of currency.


Gift Cards = Stored Value Cards and therefore are regulated by FinCEN

"(3) Issuer of traveler's checks, money orders, or stored value. An issuer of traveler's checks, money orders, or, stored value (other than a person who does not issue such checks or money orders or stored value in an amount greater than $1,000 in currency or monetary or other instruments to any person on any day in one or more transactions). "

That puts them under FinCEN, but classified as a Money Exchanger ?

Money Services Business - The term "money services business" includes any person doing business, whether or not on a regular basis or as an organized business concern, in one or more of the following capacities:

(1) Currency dealer or exchanger.
(2) Check casher.
(3) Issuer of traveler's checks, money orders or stored value.
(4) Seller or redeemer of traveler's checks, money orders or stored value.
(5) Money transmitter.
(6) U.S. Postal Service.

As I read that, bitcoin falls under 1 and not 3/4

So it is still under MSB regulations but not all those defiinitions are necessarily the same rules, as one would expect there are different regulations for a Check casher than the U.S. Postal Service.

Bitcoin does not fall under 1 it falls under 5.  1 is out because it uses the language "currency of a foreign government".  5 is FinCEN way of forcing Bitcoin (round peg) into a MT definition (square hole).   It is the only thing which even comes close so FinCEN has used that.

Right - I was meaning in the context of the OP, selling bitcoin for cash. That's exchange.
The p2p network is 5 but I'm not sure transmitter really could apply to a p2p network since there isn't centralization of it.

No please don't add misinformation.

FinCEN has definitively and clearly indicated that an entity which exchanges virtual currency for real currency is NOT a "(1) Currency dealer or exchanger"; they are a "(5) Money transmitter".  All of it is laid out in the cite above.   Please don't try to apply common sense to the law.   While you may "think" it would "make sense" for an exchanger to be under category 1 you would be wrong.  It is one thing to be wrong, it is another thing to spread misinformation.  

Quote
Dealers in Foreign Exchange

            A person must exchange the currency of two or more countries to be considered a dealer in foreign exchange.19 Virtual currency does not meet the criteria to be considered "currency" under the BSA, because it is not legal tender. Therefore, a person who accepts real currency in exchange for virtual currency, or vice versa, is not a dealer in foreign exchange under FinCEN's regulations.

I mean it can't be anymore black and white then that.

" ... a person who accepts real currency in exchange for virtual currency, or vice versa, is not a dealer in foreign exchange under FinCEN's regulations."


Per FinCEN guidelines a currency dealer/exchanger ONLY involves exchanging one "real" currency for another one.  

For example:
Exchanging USD for EUR? (1) Currency dealer or exchanger
Exchanging USD for BTC? (5) Money transmitter

+1 Great to hear from someone who bothers with looking at the overall picture.