To combat illegal transactions, Russia in 2018 can recognize bitcoin and other crypto-currencies.

 How the government says "At every moment the state should know who is on both sides of the financial chain. If there is a transaction, the people who conduct it must understand who they are buying from and to whom they are selling, just as with banking operations "
 Having exposed certain requirements to crypto-currencies, it is possible to solve the problem of money laundering. Now transactions are usually carried out on the principle of pseudo-anonymity, when the payment parameters are known, but the sender and receiver are not known. Technologically, everything can be deployed in the opposite direction - when the sender and receiver are known, but the amount is unknown.

 Thus, the only condition for the legalization of bitcoin in Russia, will be a complete rejection of the anonymity of the conducted transactions.