I seem not to properly understand what stakes are and how they are calculated in bounty campaigns for ICOs. Why don't they just for example state they'll issue 20 tokens of a particular coin instead of stakes. Good examples I've come across are;
From 26 to 99 friends - 15 stakes
From 100 to 249 friends - 30 stakes
From 250 to 999 friends - 65 stakes
From 1000 to 9999 friends & followers - 130 stakes
10000 friends & followers and more - 300 stakes
-Hero/Legendary: 3.5 Stakes
-Sr. Member: 3 Stakes
-Full Member : 2.5 stakes
-Member: 1 Stake
-Jr. Member: 0.5 Stake
How are the stakes converted into tokens? Forgive my ignorance.

Stakes are the one that act as payment for the participants on such campaigns, these stakes are already been set by the ICO/ the developer of such project and equally divided depending on their rank.
They can't set any fix tokens on every accomplishment of every participants, it is because the number of tokens allocated on such project may change rapidly depending on the bounty campaign pool. This is why they stick on giving a stake and does'n give any fix amount of token as payment.
There are certain formula to be followed on converting Stakes to tokens, you can ask the formula of it directly to the developer/ICO or message it on their slack telegram and help&support. But i think the formula of it is
Bounty Campaign pool / total number of stakes mined during the campaign * number of stakes you earned