@ achow101: Thank you so much for your effort to cope for my questions! I very much appreciate that and have sent you a small donation. 
(Perhaps it will take quite long until the donation gets to you since I've set the fee to only 75 satoshi per bytes. My hardware wallet suggested a fee at approx. 600 s/byte which would have resultet in a much higher fee than the actual donation. By the way, at 60 s/byte I've got the error mesage "mempool min fee not met". I didn't know there is a minimum fee.)
A big thanks also to nullius for the very enlightening additions!
By the way, I also run a Bitcoin full node on a VPS.
Thank you for this very informative posts guys.
I wish you peaceful holidays.
Marcel
(Perhaps it will take quite long until the donation gets to you since I've set the fee to only 75 satoshi per bytes. My hardware wallet suggested a fee at approx. 600 s/byte which would have resultet in a much higher fee than the actual donation. By the way, at 60 s/byte I've got the error mesage "mempool min fee not met". I didn't know there is a minimum fee.)
A big thanks also to nullius for the very enlightening additions!
By the way, I also run a Bitcoin full node on a VPS.
Thank you for this very informative posts guys.
I wish you peaceful holidays.
Marcel