Though, big money transfers are being done with marked bills, which gives the option to catch the thief.
You can catch the thief, but you can't confiscate them from a third party
if he was uninvolved and just happened to be paid with one such bills.
And you can already try to do that with bitcoin: the ledger is public and you can look at the path that those coins will follow, eventually hitting a known address.
Which might or might not be related with the thief.
It likely won't.