How does one tell the difficulty from the cli?
Maybe change the log level?
try "set_log 3"
It will then display debug info. Just wait a bit and look for a line like:
16:13:46.381808 DEBUG HEIGHT 3187, difficulty: 4177316
hi mate, what linux you was using for ubuntu 16.04/debian?
I am using Windows version: that's a command in the eurobitd.exe
how much does it takes to receive coins?
First you need to find a block, then it'll take 5 confirmations and you'll have the reward in your wallet. It takes time to find a block. Remember this thing is about processing power and probability, but probability its the bigger thing. I've mining since this started and it can take you 12 hours, one hour or five minutes to find a block.
Keep calm and keep mining.