I strongly recommend you to study at bitcoinwiki.org for that. You can find all the answers there.
Also check coursera, they have special courses about crypto, very interesting by the way.
I also can recommend some books: 1. "Digital Gold" by Nathaniel Popper 2. "Cryptoassets: The Innovative Investor's Guide to Bitcoin and Beyond" by Chris Burniske and Jack Tatar 3. "Blockchain Revolution" by Don Tapscott and Alex Tapscott 4. "The Age of Cryptocurrency" by Paul Vigna and Michael J. Casey 5. "American Kingpin" by Nick Bilton