Depending on how you do this you might want to plug those things directly into power-hungry mining cards, as the 12V rail might not even need to be regulated. It's only the supply for various other regulators.
2.) Onboard controller: I like those embedded ARM/MIPS-CPUs but I think they shouldn't be on the motherboard if they are not necessary. If the USB-bandwith is enough to supply all those FPGA with data, then leave the high-complexity tasks to the Host. And it really doesn't have to be a PC. I have a Sheeva Plug which takes less than 5W and has a 1GHz ARM with 512MB RAM. More than enough I think.
My intention was to use this ARM CPU as the host, and communicate via ethernet from there. No need for a sheeva plug.
3.)
- The FT2232 operates bus powered (works without having +12V connected).
Since you can't power the whole FPGA-array through one USB-port and we will need an external power-supply anyway, I'd suggest to also power the FT2232 from the power supply. Why? There are potential host-devices that can't even handle the minimum 100mA. For example an Android phone with a modified kernel to support host-mode ... would also be a very power-efficient host.
I don't really see why one would ever want to do that. If the FTDI is the only chip that needs 5V power, bus-powered seems to be perfectly fine to me.