Yes in the early years of ICOs I got ripped off when the company decided after they got user's funds to change the amount of coins you received after the fact. I remember I was livid and then when the coins hit the exchange they also decided to list the coin cheaper than the starting point of what they were supposedly making investors pay per coin. It was an absolute nightmare. I never hated ICOs more and after that. Once my country became blocked I wasn't allowed to join even if I wanted to.

Funny that my country is blocked from most ICOs even the ones started in my own country, I find that about 85% of the coins end up cheaper once they hit the exchange anyways usually dumped by the earliest of investors.

Other issues tend to be that the exchange the ICOs stated they would be listed on change mid campaign which usually means only a small portion of investors will be able to trade that particular coin on that particular exchange. They either have to wait until it gets listed elsewhere which could take months or years leaving them trapped with a coin that may never have it's original value when they bought in.

The only ICO that I would truly recommend as in personally to friends would be one with a low coin supply, visible team, visible roadmap and something that would really take off because of it's user case model.

Keep in mind when most companies or groups do ICOs they're asking for you the person to give their coin value. The value is given based on how much money is GIVEN TO THEM. Once that happens then it's pretty much crossing your fingers and hope they live up to their end in making sure that this value holds or rises. That's really all that's to it. The other element is value based on the members that bought the majority of coins. It's the same with bitcoin. If there are massive sell off from the people that have the most of it then the coin will drop in value and fast.

So if you ever see a coin's pricing tanking in value it's usually because the person that owned the most coin decided to dump it on the exchange. If you see a coin rising in price it's because the largest investors are holding the line and only allowing a few small low buy in's but closing that gap up right away. People eventually get it and will buy in before the price climbs way out of their reach.

You can pretty much read telegram chats where people are instructing others to dump their coins so that they can buy in cheaper but if they do that's usually what destroy's the coins value for days. If they don't and just hodl then people are either going to get on the train and ride it up or not get in at all.

I've watched two coins that rose drastically within hours. Sure they had their initial dump on the exchange but it shot up in price mainly because people jumped to buy in and jumped over each other just to get their hands on these coins.

Keep in mind that the companies already made their monies on the btc/eth/ltc that investors gave them from the start of the ICO so it doesn't really hurt them too much if you dump. You're the one loosing money not them.