If the U.S. government and Fed tries to do these things today?! We are fucked?!
Possibly.
They would have to retool all the US government supercomputing research centres in order to mine for bitcoin. But I almost feel at this point, there is are more legitimate ordinary people mining GPUs that the US government would be incentivized to instead join us legitimate miners!

This is a common misconception. A supercomputer is not efficient for hashing. Its too expensive. Hashing is a very simple computing process that does not requiere a supercomputer.
Yes indeed, especially considering that most of the scientific research labs are optimized for floating point computation, not integer code which is what SHA basing uses.
Any government or organization can pwn bitcoin by building a specialized hashing hardware factory, for a couple of millions of dollars. No actual supercomputer required.
We will have to do the math. I don't know.