I need to make a one time purchase using bitcoin, but I'm not able to set anything up with a bank account due to a nasty divorce involving financial lawyers and such so how do I go about sending funds to a bitcoin address?
I know I can purchase bitcoins at a bitcoin ATM, but what do I do after I have the printed out receipt with the QR code on it?
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If you get a paper wallet from the bitcoin ATM, you should sweep the private key to your bitcoin wallet as soon as possible. Sweeping means sending your funds to an address you control. (You dont control the ATM, so its unsafe to keep the money in the paper wallet or to import and reuse the private key.) If you dont have your own bitcoin wallet yet, please see
https://bitcoin.org/en/choose-your-wallet. Then you can spend the bitcoins as you see fit, using your own wallet.
There are also bitcoins ATMs that allow you to specify an address to which to send the funds, skipping the paper wallet. In such a case, you could provide your own address, or you could have the bitcoins sent directly to whomever you are making your purchase from.