What's preventing Bitcoins from being accepted as mainstream payment forms? I'm working on a new blockchain and would like to learn what drawbacks of Bitcoin urgently need to be improved

The aspects of Bitcoin that would need to be changed for rapid mainstream adoption are not necessarily the ones that I'd like to see being changed.
For example, Bitcoin is a pseudonymous currency. In my view this is a plus. But it would be even better if it were a truly anonymous currency, making financial surveillance by the ruling authoritarians impossible. That however isn't improving the prospect of mainstream adoption, because the governmental control freaks like to do surveillance and will harass and threaten corporations and individuals who do not comply.
So mainstream adoption at all costs is definitely not a desirable goal if it means that Bitcoin's core values are surrendered in the process.
Instead of starting the 1000th altcoin clone, consider contributing to Bitcoin Core if you really have some competence. We don't need yet another premine scam.
ya.ya.yo!
Well, of course not everybody is willing to accept change. Bitcoin has been circulating just for a few years. People don't have confidence yet to what can it do since this is new to many. Also, bitcoin is still unstable its fluctuations always change that's why a lot of people are still skeptic of it.