I'm not sure if it's so much about data distribution as it is about computing. The current tools for compiling/rendering for something like Unreal - like "IncrediBuild" are designed to be used on a single machine.  So the trick there would be to use multiple nodes to form virtual machines and then apply this to a grid computing system.  There was a paper about the concept of distributed virtual machines back in the 90's at Cornell.  More lately, there's been some more research, such as here - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1701.06005.pdf.

The closest thing I can see to this would be the Golem project which seeks to disrupt "rendering farms" which may seem to apply to your problem.  Here's a decent article that explains how Golem is specifically used instead of such a farm - https://blog.golemproject.net/why-should-render-farms-be-afraid-of-golem-3dd1b9e70f47.