Is the wallet.dat file format compatible between the Windows and Linux QT wallets?
Yes.
And with any other system like Mac OS etc.
I'm pretty confident that it is the same on all systems that use this db format.
Wallet.dat is a
berkeley-db-file, so on linux you can use the berkeley-db-tools to inspect it if you are curious:
if you don't have it installed try...
sudo apt-get install db-util
then navigate to your wallet.dat and write this to show everything that is in your wallet.dat:
db_dump -p wallet.dat
or if you want to list all the database names in your wallet.dat:
db_dump -l wallet.dat
or furthermore if you want to show the content of the database "main" within your wallet.dat:
db_dump -p -s main wallet.dat
There are probably such tools for windows too.
And of course this db file would look exactly the same on windows too.
But I suggest you make a test yourself.