Well, the most obvious one is the price. Its more expensive to become a Masternode but also the passive income is bigger. Other differences depend on the token itself. Most of the time there's a lot of information regarding the rewards and conditions in the whitepaper or the Website/Telegram/Discord of the Coin/Token. Another difference is the thing that for most Masternodes you need to be only 24/7 or at least 98-99% of the time or you will no longer receive rewards and will have to do some steps to reestablish your Masternode. So in that light, its more committing to be a Mastenode than to be just a staker. Another benefit of being a Masternode is that in most cases you can cast votes and make decisions regarding the future of the coin/token.
Hope this helps ! If you have any other questions feel free to ask !