bitcoind's dependencies are very minimal

It should run on just about any proper Linux distribution, including all of the ones you mentioned

I didn't read this entire thread to know what the problem is, but I gather from bits and pieces that libgthread was missing in your current distribution?  Simply install glib (not glibc) to fix that

Whatever the case may be, use whatever is most comfortable for you and whatever you have the most experience using.  If there's ever a problem regarding missing libraries or dependencies, you can likely get an answer in a few minutes by visiting the distribution's forums and asking what package you need to install/how to install it/etc

Rest assured, the very few distributions that bitcoind won't run on are rare, and I have a lot of faith that you will never encounter them unless you begin doing some embedded design work on different architectures