Mainly once a cold storage wallet is created with Armory can I just send coins to an address within that wallet without going through the signature process each time?
If you send from address not in cold storage then yes, your cold storage address can receive coins anytime
Great thanks. Just to make sure I have a good grasp on this. Once BTC's hit my Coinbase account I can send them from there to my cold storage wallet simply by using an address in the cold storage wallet?
Yes.
You will need going through the signature process only when you will want send the Bitcoins from the cold storage.