Bitcoin prices are mainly measured with fiat currencies such as USD, EUR, JPY, etc. The huge amount of fiat money printing explains why Bitcoin has a big advantage over fiat currencies. The total number of bitcoins is fixed at 21 million, so in the long term, Bitcoin will not have inflation when mining is completed. This means that in the future people can save money with Bitcoin and not have to worry about losing money from printing money.
That's right. The CPI of the euro has risen from 90.8 in 2009 to 103.8 in May 2018, showing a 1.5% annual inflation rate since the launch of Bitcoin. As a result, EUR inflation will cause Bitcoin prices to rise by 1-2% per annum against the euro.
Since the launch of Bitcoin, the USD CPI has risen from 211 to 252, corresponding to an inflation rate of approximately 20%. As a result, US $ inflation will cause Bitcoin prices to rise by 2-3% per annum. This is, in fact, impossible to detect because Bitcoin prices are extremely volatile, but perhaps once the Bitcoin market has matured it will become a more important factor.