My question to you: can bitcoin's algorithm which alters mining difficulty to guarantee the last bitcoin is mined on may 7th, 2140 be considered a form of artificial intelligence?
In the sense of machine learning (which is behind all the latest AI advancements), the answer would be "no". I'll just quote
this answer as I find it accurate:
An algorithm is a structured method. A step-by-step instruction guide. A recipe in a cook book is an algorithm, for example. Computers run algorithms, since they are very good at following clear instructions, and doing exactly what they are told.
Artificial Intelligence is a research field in Computer Science. It investigates how to construct specific algorithms which behave in a way which can be deemed intelligent in some way or other. For example, an algorithm which implements a model that gets refined with experience or which parses a data set to build a model is essential for Machine Learning, a subfield of AI that deals with systems which adapt in a way which is not unlike the human concept of learning. There are many other subfields of AI: planning, reasoning, knowledge representation, ...
When implementing the AI systems to act in the real world, the field of robotics gets involved. Essentially this field is concerned with getting mechanical interactions in the real world due to an algorithm running on a computer, where the algorithm tells the individual motors or other components when and how to move.