Although bitcoin transactions are anonymous, at present almost every exchange market requires us to verify the identity we have so that the bitcoin we have can be converted to the local currency we use. therefore the government can easily track us via ip and find out our identity
Bitcoin transactions are anonymous, so it's safe. But when bitcoin wants to be converted into fiat money, an identity is needed for administration. This is where the government can implement policies such as collecting taxes. So the bitcoin transaction itself won't be tracked by the government as long as you don't cash into fiat currency.