The fastest way (not best way and most likely i won't support it either) would be :
1. Increase maximum block size weight to the point where Chinese pool's connection can't keep up, but this is difficult since block propagation already use Compact Block
2. Change PoW algorithm to dynamic/flexible algorithm such as ProgPoW to make future ASIC/FPGA profit not too different compared with CPU/GPU
3. Blacklist IP related with Chinese pool/node.

From non-technical side, there are few options such as :
1. Encourage user to run client/wallet which support Dandelion (in future)
2. Encourage miners to choose non-Chinese pools
3. Boycott all Chinese exchange, services and pools

Regarding the paper, i think Traffic monitoring (assuming the one who monitor don't run nodes) is impossible since AFAIK BIP 151 which is about E2EE already used by Bitcoin Core.

p.s. Are you looking to each public university library/research website to find Bitcoin-related research?