Since the files on the disk should be still there, first you should search for keywords like wallet.dat or multibit or miner.
First 2 are for info about possible wallets. If you find wallets, please work only with copies or keep backups.
Something that also crossed my mind, but I don't know how true it is, is that you may have not withdrawn your Bitcoins from the mining pool and then, although your chances are not great, you should look in the config of the miner and see what pool did you use.