There is a more complicated answer regarding a mass' tendency to want to move through space time as time increases as measured by an ever increasing global entropy, but thats not super intuitive. Newtonian physics states that all objects have attractive forces towards one another, they are just typically so small that they are insignificant, unless you are talking about masses relative to planets. The Newtonian version of gravity works in all cases that I can think of, except with massively dense objects like black holes.
If the centripetal acceleration of earth was responsible for gravity, it wouldn't explain the gravitational forces felt on the earth by, say the moon for example. Its not very large, but it is at least measurable.

Of course the caveat that comes with that is what I've been saying all along, physics isn't perfect. Newtonian physics got us 99.999% of the way there. Relativity got us 99.999999% of the way there. And there are still some unaccounted for holes in certain problems. The holes aren't large enough to justify a flat earth, but maybe by looking at the holes from a different lens, such as if the earth were flat, you might be able to find some of those missing links.

I'd recommend looking up a relativistic model of gravity, but unless you are good with non euclidean geometry and multivariable calculus, using a fourth or fifth dimension, which isn't super intutitve, you probably won't find the sort of absolute proof that others here are looking for.