If I mine this does it mean I can opt-out of Obamacare without the penalty?

Definitely No penalty

, you don't have to pay for extra premiums either.
Another point I want to bring up for miners/investors (since this is Bitcointalk after all) is, although Cura is catering a niche market (medicine/pharma), if there is adoption, the market is hughe, only even if it in U.S alone.