Well the goldman sachs thing did cause the price fall, that is very obvious. The fact that the news was debunked later has nothing to do with the original event. In a bear market bad news makes the price fall and good news does nothing, so those two pieces of news did exactly what you'd expect. Also the original false news piece made much bigger headlines in the market than just a retraction later on, hell i didn't even hear about the correction until a couple weeks later. It's a bad argument to try to say goldman sachs wasn't the cause of the fall just because the news being fake didn't reverse the fall. It's a market based on psychology, not a physics equation, opposite events don't cancel each other out perfectly. It's important to know this.