Aside from discounted rates when purchasing tokens before public launching, what else can a potential investor benefit from investing in an initial coin offering?
What do they do when the coin comes to a crash when it goes public? How do these companies protect the interests of their investors?
There is no protection really. Not like we know it from stocks where there can be a market maker assigned to keep the price stabilized.
Some coins like the BNB coin or the A2A from
50x Exchange have buyback build into their token program. That is a stabilizing measure but in no means making it a risk-free investment.