I guess whole "ICO" field is literally exactly what you are looking for with the difference that the token you create is basically the shares and they want to see it increase the more your company gets bigger.

For example first ever "ICO" mentality was ripple when they created their coin with the emphasis that they own all coins and they will work with banks and financial companies to get them use their blockchain which would make them buy and send and than sell coins using their blockchain making xrp worth more in the process and also help banks.

Of course, the centralized version wasn't loved by many and its not loved for that reason anymore but than many many many ICO's happened afterwards. If you want to get funding and you believe your project is good enough you can create a token that is basically your whole company and sell some that you feel like you need and see if market likes it enough to fund it.