OP forgot to add one of Bitcoins and almost all cryptocurrencies' flaw. There is no way of incentivising running a full node. With the blockchain growing larger, less people are willing to run a full node and so in the future, we would have a very large market cap but only a few full nodes. This could become a target and a point of failure of Bitcoin. There are 2 originally coded altcoins I know that incentivises running a full node but I'm not going to promote them.
Already mentioned in the OP:
Bitcoin Take Over Threats
- Blockchain requires increasingly powerful full clients as scale to billions of transaction, thus more centralization and vulnerability to 51% attack.
Thanks for articulating the issue in more detail.