At this point in time, exchanges are still on the grey area of the playing field somehow, even though a lot of eyes in the government are already looking at its direction. We see Mt. Gox paying its creditors years after the event happened, so that's
somewhat a good thing knowing that legal proceedings still help people who are victims of hacks due to poor security on exchanges or just the plain old scamming people technique. One thing's for certain: regulations need to be defined thoroughly on exchanges for customers to at least get some form of protection from all the sorts of uneventful things happening on exchanges.
So how can you trade securely? Do you feel comfortable?
I normally just deposit funds and withdraw immediately if the trade is complete. I don't let my funds sit for more than 48 hours on an exchange no matter how reputable it may be. I'm not taking chances knowing how many hacks are going on recently.
How do you see the future of decentralized and centralized exchanges?
Centralized exchanges are still going to be the favorable platforms given their volume and the sheer weight of resources and investors they can carry. There are lots of promising things on DEXes though without proper support from the community, those wouldn't materialize and wouldn't progress. I'm kinda wanting a good DEX to try my hand on though there are some but with little to no volume on them yet.