For eastern countries, who dont have things like democracy to worry about, it was easy. They banned it.
The West took a more subtle approach using the jab-cross-left-hook of fear, dis-accreditation, and tax. Fear of capital loss and distrust. Stories of stolen coins, bankrupt and corrupt exchanges. Linking cryptocurrency to crime, and what the government will do to anyone who actually makes a profit.
It worked.
Globally the response to the rise in the market capitalisation of cryptocurrencies was not homeopathic.
Governments didnt bring out the heat lamp and cream to soothe the problem.
In the West, while not outright banning cryptocurrency trading, the campaign to stop cryptocurrency demand moved into full swing and included
Full KYC (know your customer) requirements to open a cryptocurrency account.
New tax laws. The IRS now treats cryptocurrency as property. Any profit must be disclosed. Not just from moving fiat currency into cryptocurrency and then back again, but on every individual transaction.
Big companies too joined the anti-cryptocurrency stance.
Facebook and Google outlawed cryptocurrency advertising.
I think you are focusing on the bad stuff. Surely, some companies and countries are fighting against cryptocurrencies for various reasons, but mainly because they want to stay in power and are afraid of the freedom Blockchain gives to people. But most of civilised countries are either avoiding the topic of cryptos or making them actually legal. As for banning ICOs, I think it's a fair nice these days, since it's mainly scam. And many companies are actually positive about cryptos, thinking about supporting them or at least implementing Blockchain.