- Where does the money come from? From institutions and banks? From large investors?
I am sure they are coming from the many whales just waiting for the opportunity to "manipulate" the whole Bitcoin market. However, there is nothing wrong with that. Had it not been to them, we would not have this flash rise of Bitcoin. Large investors and institutional money can be part of the "whaling industry" (just kidding). I am doubting on banks, though (but this is also debatable).
- Why do nearly all Altcoins quickly increase at the same time?
Bitcoin is considered to be the Mother of Them All and where the mother is going, the sons and daughters can be following. There is a strong correlation between Bitcoin and the alts that is when Bitcoin jump high a corresponding reaction became visible in the whole cryptocurrency market. Of course, this is not all the case but this is what happened with that "bull run" labeled as Bitcoin's 4th largest so far.
- On which exchanges can be trade so much money in such a short time?
All big exchanges can handle such big volume of transactions, I think. Just go ahead and search for them and since the top exchanges are all well-known you can easily get which are the whales' favorite play ground.
- Who knows about such breakouts before?
This is the first time that it happened nor will be the last. Just search for the history of Bitcoin's trading and you can analyze in there. Next year, we are preparing for a much bigger and the real bull run, hopefully. We are all hoping 2020 can be another 2017.