Trezor and Ledger seed phrases and any optional passphrases follow the standard "BIP39" protocol. This is also true of pretty much every other hierarchical deterministic wallet which exists these days. Electrum is pretty much the only one which has its own method for generating seed phrases.

If you want to read more in depth as to how seed phrases are combined with passphrases to generate your wallet, have a read of this: https://github.com/bitcoinbook/bitcoinbook/blob/develop/ch05.asciidoc#from-mnemonic-to-seed