The article basically sums up how Bitcoin instead of being a cryptocurrency, became a speculative asset, an investment of sorts. It's basically the problem of adoption that has bothered Bitcoin for as long as possible now, and why we don't really see much merchants actually accepting payments via BTC except for a select few.
2 The second problem lies is in the model of the system’s support and particularly in the reward distribution scheme proposed by the creator.
The reward distribution is basically a fee paid for a service (securing the network, through mining). The incentive will last only a few decades, which will also generated new coins and properly distribute them alogn the years.
Isn't that the problem itself? With how miners incentives last a few decades, they would of course try to get the best profit out of them. Hence creating the idea of Bitcoin being an asset to invest in, and in such, those that would buy the said asset would also try to sell it for as high as possible, creating the problem of them storing the coins in the long term instead of actually using it to buy something from others.
Simply saying, when compared to the current situation where fiat is used to buy an item, crypto is supposed to replace fiat from the system but instead, it became the "item" that is used to exchange for fiat.