The on chain transition to you would need to have two (or more) outputs, 1 the 'on chain' transaction to you and 2 an output that gets 'locked' in a newly opened channel. This would work very similar to someone opening a channel valued less than the value of an input (less tx fees), and the remaining value being sent to one or more change addresses.
In my post there was an error (because I had changed the wording to be clearer from active to passive but forgot to change a crucial part 
). so I think your post answers the "wrong" question correctly. What I meant was to open a channel for the receiver of the coins, not the sender. Thanks anyway 
@darosior: Thanks! So it works a bit like I imagined. But your answer made it clearer for me, above all the part you highlighted about the trust which is necessary for the transaction sender. Incentive-wise, however, in the case the sender is a service like an exchange, which must be profitable and thus "just work", there is no reason for him to "cheat" changing the transaction ID, and you would also not lose anything beyond transaction fees.
Thanks also about the hit about the mailing list discussion.