I have suggested for a long time now that people should make more use of multiple different passphrases, and this seems to be another good reason to do so. If each of the different coins you store on your Ledger device were stored behind a different passphrase, then it would be impossible for this vulnerability to affect you.

However, I appreciate this wouldn't be easy for ERC20 tokens, since they are stored on standard Ethereum addresses and you need some Ethereum on said address to be able to spend/transfer them, so you would be forced to hold a few dollars worth of Ethereum in multiple different addresses, one for each token. In this case, there really is no substitute for paying close attention to what your hardware wallet is displaying on the screen and double and triple checking it matches the transaction you wish to make.