Anything related to a scam will damage reputation, a scam against bitcoin has a big impact on bitcoin's reputation because the scam will make new people and new investors hesitate to get involved or invest in it.
because the growth of bitcoin is influenced by the number of people who adopt and are involved in it, it is different from those who have been in bitcoin for a long time because it will be strong through it in all things including fraud, because it is based on a good knowledge and understanding of how bitcoin works, and besides that bitcoin has become a source promising income.
For a newbies that didnt know bitcoin they will easily say bitcoin is a scam because the used for bitcoin in quick rich scheme and ponzi scheme has make a lot of newbies losing their money due to low knowledge about the real used of bitcoin. So it really impact bitcoin reputation a lot in the eyes of other peoples.